Abstract
Laser-assisted endodontics has evolved from a technology primarily used for disinfection into a biologically driven therapeutic approach capable of influencing the root canal environment, periapical tissues, and the host healing response. Understanding the biological mechanisms underlying laser–tissue interactions is essential for optimizing clinical outcomes while ensuring safety and predictable treatment.
This lecture will review the current evidence regarding the biological effects of different laser wavelengths used in endodontics, including their interaction with dentin, irrigants, microorganisms, and periapical tissues. Particular emphasis will be placed on laser-enhanced irrigation dynamics, biofilm disruption, smear layer modification, dentinal tubule decontamination, and the preservation of surrounding tissues. The presentation will also explore emerging evidence on photobiomodulation, inflammatory modulation, macrophage polarization, angiogenesis, mitochondrial activation, and their potential contribution to periapical healing and postoperative comfort.
The lecture will critically examine the scientific literature supporting laser-assisted endodontic procedures, highlighting both established evidence and areas where further research is needed. Clinical protocols, treatment parameters, and safety considerations will be discussed to facilitate evidence-based integration of laser technologies into contemporary endodontic practice.
By combining biological principles with clinical applications, participants will gain a comprehensive understanding of how laser-assisted endodontics may enhance treatment outcomes beyond conventional chemomechanical preparation while recognizing the limitations of current evidence.
Learning Objectives
- Explain the biological principles of laser–tissue interactions relevant to endodontic therapy.
- Discuss the effects of different laser wavelengths on dentin, irrigants, biofilms, and periapical tissues.
- Describe the biological mechanisms involved in laser-enhanced disinfection, smear layer modification, and dentinal tubule decontamination.
- Evaluate the current scientific evidence supporting laser-assisted endodontics, distinguishing established findings from emerging concepts.
- Demonstrate how biological principles can be translated into evidence-based clinical protocols for laser-assisted endodontic treatment.
- Discuss the potential role of photobiomodulation in modulating inflammation, promoting tissue repair, and improving postoperative outcomes.
- Identify key safety considerations and clinical parameters required for the predictable and responsible use of lasers in endodontics.
